©Dispense del corso "Traduzione e Inculturazione
della Bibbia in Sardegna".
A cura di Antonio Pinna e Antonio Piras
Adattamento al contesto sardo di alcuni sussidi sviluppati presso
il Summer Institute of Linguistics (Dallas, Texas; www.sil.org)
Bibliografia :
Larson, Mildred L., with Ellis W. Deibler and Matjorie Crofts, Meaning-Based translation Workbook. Biblical Exercises, Lanham - New York - Oxford : The Summer Institute of Linguistics and University Press of America; 1998 : pp. 49-52.
Larson, Mildred L., Meaning-Based Translation. A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence, Lanham-New York-Oxford: University Press of America; 1997: pp. 109-120.
10.1 Definire un «senso secondario»
10.2 Analizzare i sensi delle parole
10.3 Tradurre i vari sensi
10.4 Ambiguità causata dai sensi non chiaramente segnalati
Identificare il significato della parola "chiesa" nei seguenti passaggi e tradurre nella propria lingua il significato che il termine viene ad avere nel contesto. Verificate quante parole usate per questo termine e il significato preciso di ciascuna di esse.
1. VUL Acts 8:1 facta est autem in illa die persecutio magna in ecclesia quae erat Hierosolymis
LUO Acts 8:1 Saulus aber hatte Wohlgefallen an seinem Tode. Es erhob sich aber zu der Zeit eine große Verfolgung über die Gemeinde zu Jerusalem
2. VUL Acts 11:26 et annum totum conversati sunt in ecclesia et docuerunt turbam multam
LUT Acts 11:26 Und als er ihn fand, brachte er ihn nach Antiochia. Und sie
blieben ein ganzes Jahr bei der Gemeinde und lehrten viele.
3. VUL Ephesians 5:23 quoniam vir caput est mulieris sicut Christus caput est ecclesiae ipse salvator corporis
LUT Ephesians 5:23 Denn der Mann ist das Haupt der Frau, wie auch Christus das Haupt der Gemeinde ist, die er als seinen Leib erlöst hat.
4. VUL Galatians 1:13 audistis enim ... quoniam supra modum persequebar ecclesiam Dei et expugnabam illam
LUT Galatians 1:13 Denn ihr habt ja gehört ... wie ich über die Maßen die Gemeinde Gottes verfolgte
5. VUL Acts 7:38 hic est qui fuit in ecclesia in solitudine cum angelo qui loquebatur ei in monte Sina
6. VUL Revelation 2:1 angelo Ephesi ecclesiae scribe
Studiate il contesto in cui la parola "corpo" ricorre in ogni versetto sotto riportato. Si tratta di un uso primario o secondario? Se si tratta di un uso secondario, qual è il significato e quale traduzione proponete?
Esempio: VUL Luke 17:37 qui dixit eis ubicumque fuerit corpus illuc congregabuntur aquilae.
Risposta: 1) secondario 2) cadavere: es. IEP Luke 17:37 I discepoli allora gli dicono: «Dove, Signore?». Egli disse loro: «Dove sarà il cadavere, là si raduneranno anche gli avvoltoi».
1. VUL Romans 12:1 ... ut exhibeatis corpora vestra hostiam viventem...
LUT Romans 12:1 ... daß ihr eure Leiber hingebt als ein Opfer...
BCI Romans 12:1 ... us exhorto a oferir-vos vosaltres mateixos com una víctima viva, ...
2. VUL Mark 5:29 et confestim siccatus est fons sanguinis eius et sensit corpore quod sanata esset a plaga
NLT Mark 5:29 Immediately the bleeding stopped, and she could feel that she
had been healed!
BFC Mark 5:29 Sa perte de sang s'arrêta aussitôt et elle se sentit guérie de
son mal.
GNB And she had the feeling inside herself that she was healed of her trouble
GW She felt cured from her hillness
3. VUL Matthew 6:25 ideo dico vobis ne solliciti sitis animae vestrae quid manducetis neque corpori vestro quid induamini nonne anima plus est quam esca et corpus plus est quam vestimentum
NLT Matthew 6:25 "So I tell you, don't worry about everyday life -- whether you have enough food, drink, and clothes. Doesn't life consist of more than food and clothing?
4. VUL Colossians 2:11 in quo et circumcisi estis circumcisione non manufacta in expoliatione corporis carnis in circumcisione Christi
NIV Colossians 2:11 In him you were also circumcised, in the putting off of the sinful nature, not with a circumcision done by the hands of men but with the circumcision done by Christ,
NLT Colossians 2:11 When you came to Christ, you were "circumcised," but not by a physical procedure. It was a spiritual procedure-- the cutting away of your sinful nature.
NJB Colossians 2:11 In him you have been circumcised, with a circumcision performed, not by human hand, but by the complete stripping of your natural self. This is circumcision according to Christ.
BFC Colossians 2:11 Dans l'union avec lui, vous avez été circoncis, non pas de la circoncision faite par les hommes, mais de la circoncision qui vient du Christ et qui nous délivre de notre être pécheur.
GNB In union with Christ you were circumcised, not with the circumcision that is made by human beings, but with circumcision made by Christ, which consists of being freed from the power of this sinful self.
5. VUL Ephesians 5:28 ita et viri debent diligere uxores suas ut corpora sua qui suam uxorem diligit se ipsum diligit
6. VUL 1 Corinthians 15:40 et corpora caelestia et corpora terrestria sed alia quidem caelestium gloria alia autem terrestrium
Studiate ognuno dei passiseguenti. Identificate ogni termine usato in un senso secondario. Riscrivete il passaggio così che le parole siano usate soltanto nel loro senso primario.
Esempio: VUL Galatians 4:27 erumpe (rèkson - ) et exclama (boeson - grida ) quae non parturis
Risposta: : "rompere-erompere" e "gridare" sono usati in senso secondario: IEP "prorompi in grida di gioia"
1. VUL Hebrews 9:4 et arcam ... in qua urna aurea habens manna et virga Aaron quae fronduerat et tabulae testamenti
BBE Hebrews 9:4 ... and the stones with the writing of the agreement;
NLT Hebrews 9:4 ... and the stone tablets of the covenant with the Ten Commandments written on them.
BFC Hebrews 9:4 ... et les tablettes de pierre avec les commandements de l'alliance.
GNB .. and the two stone tablets with the commandments written on them
2. VUL Acts 27:33 et cum lux inciperet fieri rogabat Paulus omnes sumere cibum dicens quartadecima hodie die expectantes ieiuni permanetis nihil accipientes
3. VUL Acts 4:8 tunc Petrus repletus Spiritu Sancto dixit ad eos principes populi et seniores
5. VUL Acts 10:45 et obstipuerunt ex circumcisione fideles qui venerant cum Petro quia et in nationes gratia Spiritus Sancti effusa est
6. VUL Acts 12:10 transeuntes autem primam et secundam custodiam venerunt ad portam ferream quae ducit ad civitatem
7. VUL Titus 1:9 amplectentem eum qui secundum doctrinam est fidelem sermonem ut potens sit et exhortari in doctrina sana et eos qui contradicunt arguere
IEP Titus 1:9 attaccato alla parola sicura secondo la dottrina trasmessa, per essere capace sia di esortare nella sana dottrina, sia di confutare quelli che vi si oppongono.
GW He must be devoted to the trustworthy message we teach. Then he can use these accurate teachings to encourage people and correct those who opposed the word.
8. VUL Titus 2,10 sed in omnibus fidem bonam ostendentes ut doctrinam salutaris nostri Dei ornent in omnibus
LT Titus 2:10 ... or steal, but they must show themselves to be entirely trustworthy and good. Then they will make the teaching about God our Savior attractive in every way
LSG Titus 2:10 ... à ne rien dérober, mais à montrer toujours une parfaite fidélité, afin de faire honorer en tout la doctrine de Dieu notre Sauveur.
GW Then they will show the beauty of the teachings about God our Savior in everything they do.
GNB Instead, they must show that they are always good and faithful, so as to bring credi to the teaching about God our Savior in all they do.
9. VUL Titus 3:3 eramus enim et nos aliquando insipientes increduli errantes servientes desideriis et voluptatibus variis in malitia et invidia agentes odibiles odientes invicem
EP Titus 3:3 Anche noi, infatti, siamo stati un tempo insensati, ribelli, fuorviati, asserviti a concupiscenze e voluttà d' ogni genere, vivendo immersi nella malizia e nell' invidia, abominevoli, odiandoci a vicenda.
NLT Titus 3:3 Once we, too, were foolish and disobedient. We were misled by others and became slaves to many wicked desires and evil pleasures. Our lives were full of evil and envy. We hated others, and they hated us.
GW Indeed, we, too, were once stupid, disobedient, and misled. We were slaves to many kinds of lusts and pleasures. We were mean and jealous. We were hated, and we hated each other.
10. VUL 2 Timothy 4:3 erit enim tempus cum sanam doctrinam non sustinebunt sed ad sua desideria coacervabunt sibi magistros prurientes auribus
IEP 2 Timothy 4:3 Verrà un tempo, infatti, in cui gli uomini non sopporteranno più la sana dottrina, ma, secondo le proprie voglie, si circonderanno di una folla di maestri, facendosi solleticare le orecchie,
BBE 2 Timothy 4:3 For the time will come when they will not take the true teaching; but, moved by their desires, they will get for themselves a great number of teachers for the pleasure of hearing them;
NLT 2 Timothy 4:3 For a time is coming when people will no longer listen to right teaching. They will follow their own desires and will look for teachers who will tell them whatever they want to hear.